Does your dog appear to be slowing down or not acting like himself? Hypothyroidism, a common condition that occurs in dogs generally later in life, may be to blame.
What Is Hypothyroidism?
The thyroid gland in the neck makes certain hormones that are responsible for turning food into energy for your pet. Dogs with hypothyroidism often produce too few thyroid hormones and have a slowed metabolism as a result. Thyroid cancer can also cause hypothyroidism in dogs, but this is uncommon.
Which Dogs Are Most Susceptible?
“Hypothyroidism usually occurs in middle-aged and elderly dogs who are often medium and larger breeds,” notes Dr. Katy Nelson, the host of “The Pet Show with Dr. Katy Nelson” and a veterinarian in Alexandria, Virginia.
Any type of dog can develop hypothyroidism, but particular breeds are predisposed to the condition, including Doberman pinschers, golden retrievers, Labrador retrievers, Irish setters, Great Danes, dachshunds, cocker spaniels, greyhounds, English bulldogs and boxers.
How Can You Prevent Hypothyroidism?
To staying on top of hypothyroidism in dogs, make sure to keep your regular veterinary appointments. Skipping visits may mean a missed opportunity to notice and discuss the symptoms. Speak with your vet about your pet’s eating habits, exercise regimen and general mood.
“Many conditions facing dogs today can be traced to their diet, which may not be a proper one. Dogs are carnivores and do best with meat, bones and organs,” points out Dr. Kim Bloomer, an animal naturopath at Aspenbloom Pet Care.
What Are the Signs?
The two dog experts recommend watching out for these seven symptoms:
- Thinning Fur in Your Dog
Hair loss that starts on the tail (giving it a rat-like appearance) or bald areas near the collar are two very common signs of thyroid trouble in dogs, explains Dr. Nelson.
- A Dull Coat
A loss of healthy sheen or a dry, brittle coat may also point to this issue.
- Weight Gain
Take notice if you see your dog eating the usual amount yet also putting on pounds.
- A Skin Infection
A few dogs with the condition will appear to have a scaly outer coat that may smell and feel oily.
- Lethargy
Listlessness in a dog who’s usually rather peppy is a concern.
- Weakness
In rare cases, your dog’s nerves and muscles may be affected, which means he’ll have difficulty walking, running, and playing. If you or your dog walker notice this, bring it up with the vet.
- Thicker Skin
You may see that your pet’s skin is thicker in certain areas, particularly in the armpit region.
If you notice any of the above signs, call your vet, who may want to examine your pet and do some blood tests to determine if your dog’s thyroid is functioning properly.
How Is It Diagnosed and Treated?
To diagnose a suspected case, blood tests usually recommended. Several blood tests can be used to pinpoint hypothyroidism in your pet, although your pet’s health care provider may suggest an array of tests, including urinalysis, to catch any other health issues that could be contributing to your dog’s condition. An X-ray or other imaging may also be necessary to assess the thyroid tissue and determine whether a tumor is present.
Treatment for hypothyroidism in pets is relatively straightforward, notes Dr. Nelson. “Hypothyroidism is treated with oral administration of the thyroid hormone (T4). Pills are usually given twice daily at the start, but may be dropped to once a day after good thyroid control has been achieved,” she explains. Ask your vet about the different brands of thyroid supplementation that are available as prices vary depending on the manufacturer.
Concerned your cat may be at risk? Read The Basics of Feline Hyperthyroidism Care.
Jennifer Kelly Geddes is a New York-based writer and editor who specializes in parenting, health and child development. She’s a frequent contributor to Care.com and the mom of two teen girls.
*This article is for general informational purposes only. It is not intended nor implied to be providing medical advice and is not a substitute for such advice. The reader should always consult a health care provider concerning any medical condition or treatment plan. Neither Care.com nor the author assumes any responsibility or liability with respect to use of any information contained herein.
